Understanding Moderates and Independents in U.S. Politics: Roles, Beliefs, and How to Engage
Introduction
In American politics, the terms “moderate” and “independent” often surface during elections, policy debates, and polling. These groups play vital roles in shaping outcomes, yet their definitions, behaviors, and influence are frequently misunderstood or oversimplified. Understanding what it means to be a moderate or an independent can empower voters to make more informed choices and engage more effectively in the political process. This article explores both concepts in depth, provides real-world examples, and offers actionable guidance for those seeking to participate or connect with like-minded political actors.
What Is a Moderate in Politics?
A moderate is someone whose political views fall between the left and right extremes of the spectrum. Moderates are known for seeking balanced, pragmatic solutions and favor incremental changes over sweeping reforms. They typically oppose radical or extreme positions, preferring compromise and consensus-building. Moderates can belong to any political party or none at all; the key is their inclination toward centrist, issue-based decision-making rather than rigid ideological stances [1] , [5] .
In recent years, the number of Americans identifying as moderates has declined, with about 34% of the population describing themselves this way as of 2024, compared to 43% in 1992 [1] . Moderates are crucial in bridging divides, especially in Congress, where bipartisan cooperation is needed to pass legislation.
Key Characteristics of Moderates
- Support for incremental change: Moderates typically advocate for gradual reforms rather than drastic shifts.
- Openness to compromise: They are willing to negotiate across party lines and prioritize practical outcomes over ideological purity.
- Rejection of extremism: Moderates resist both far-left and far-right positions, aiming to avoid polarization [4] .
- Pragmatic decision-making: Choices are made based on evidence and context rather than dogma.
Moderates often serve as stabilizing forces in polarized environments, helping to prevent gridlock by facilitating dialogue and compromise. However, critics argue that an overemphasis on compromise can water down needed reforms or create stalemates when neither side will budge [1] .
Examples of Moderates
Notable moderates in recent U.S. history include Senator Susan Collins of Maine, recognized for her willingness to work with both Republicans and Democrats, and former Ohio Governor John Kasich, who has emphasized bipartisan solutions. Moderates also exist within the Democratic Party, such as Senator Joe Manchin of West Virginia, who often votes across party lines on key issues [1] .
What Is an Independent in Politics?
An independent is a voter or candidate who does not officially align with any established political party. While some independents hold moderate views, being independent is about organizational affiliation rather than specific ideology. Independents may lean liberal, conservative, or occupy any position on the political spectrum [1] .
Many independents are motivated by a desire for autonomy and flexibility-they may support candidates or policies based on issues rather than party loyalty. In the U.S., independents now make up a significant portion of the electorate, and their votes can decisively swing elections. According to Gallup polling, the percentage of Americans identifying as independents has hovered around 40% in recent years, making them a crucial demographic for political campaigns.
Key Characteristics of Independents
- No formal party affiliation: Independents are not registered members of major political parties.
- Issue-based voting: Choices are made based on specific policies or candidate qualities rather than party platforms.
- Diverse ideological leanings: Independents may range from progressive to conservative or anywhere in between.
- Influence on elections: As a bloc, independents often determine the outcome of closely contested races.
Examples of Independents
Well-known independents include Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont, who, while caucusing with Democrats, maintains independent status. Former presidential candidate Ross Perot also ran as an independent, drawing significant support from voters dissatisfied with the two-party system. Many local and state-level candidates run as independents to appeal to voters who feel unrepresented by the major parties.
How Moderates and Independents Shape Political Outcomes
Both moderates and independents are central to electoral change and political accountability. Research from the
American Political Science Review
found that moderates are more responsive to candidate ideology, incumbency, and experience than staunch partisans, making their votes pivotal in close races
[3]
. Similarly, independents’ lack of fixed party allegiance means they can swing elections, compelling candidates to broaden their appeal.
For example, in the 2020 presidential election, shifts among moderate and independent voters in key states played a decisive role in the outcome. Candidates often tailor messages to attract these groups, knowing that their support is essential for victory. In Congress, moderate lawmakers are frequently targeted as potential allies for passing bipartisan legislation.
Practical Guidance: How to Get Involved or Connect with Moderates and Independents
If you identify as a moderate or independent-or simply want to support candidates who prioritize pragmatic solutions-there are several actionable steps you can take:
1. Register and Stay Informed
Most states allow you to register as an independent or unaffiliated voter. To do so, visit your state’s official election website or local board of elections. If you want to find moderate or independent candidates, search for candidate guides or voter education resources provided by nonpartisan organizations.
Stay up-to-date by following reputable news sources, attending town halls, and participating in public forums. Many local libraries and civic groups host events where you can engage with candidates and discuss issues that matter to you.
2. Research Candidates and Issues
Moderate and independent candidates often highlight their positions on official campaign websites, in debates, and through interviews. To evaluate their platforms, consider:
- Reviewing their voting records and public statements
- Comparing their stances to those of major party candidates
- Using voter guides from established, nonpartisan organizations
When in doubt, you can contact your local board of elections for a list of candidates or consult resources from established civic engagement groups.
3. Support or Volunteer for Moderate and Independent Campaigns
If you wish to get involved, consider volunteering for campaigns that align with your values. Opportunities include canvassing, phone banking, and organizing community discussions. While major parties often have established volunteer networks, independent and moderate campaigns may rely more on grassroots support. You can find volunteer opportunities by searching for the candidate’s official website or contacting their campaign office directly.
Source: citizendata.com
4. Advocate for Bipartisan Dialogue
Moderates pride themselves on civil discourse and open-mindedness. You can foster these values by encouraging respectful debate in your community, supporting organizations that promote cross-partisan dialogue, and participating in forums that welcome diverse perspectives. Look for local civic organizations or national groups committed to bridging political divides.
Challenges and Solutions
Both moderates and independents face unique challenges in the U.S. political system. Moderates may struggle to maintain their principles in highly polarized environments, sometimes finding themselves isolated or criticized by more extreme voices. Independents can encounter obstacles to ballot access, limited media coverage, and difficulties participating in closed primary elections [1] .
Source: citizendata.com
Solutions include:
- Advocating for open primaries and ranked-choice voting to give independents more influence
- Building coalitions with like-minded voters across party lines
- Supporting electoral reforms that enhance access and representation for all voters
To advance these causes, you can contact your state legislators, participate in advocacy campaigns, or join organizations focused on electoral reform.
Alternative Approaches and Additional Pathways
If you feel unrepresented by current parties or candidates, consider alternative approaches such as:
- Running for local office as an independent or moderate candidate
- Starting or joining a civic group dedicated to issue-based advocacy
- Engaging in community service projects that address issues important to moderates and independents, such as education, public safety, or economic development
For those interested in more information, search for terms like “how to register as an independent voter in [your state],” “moderate candidates 2024,” or “nonpartisan civic engagement groups.” You may also reach out to your local board of elections or state election office for official guidance.
